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Replacing Official Currency With Mutual Credit

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4:02 pm
November 26, 2010


wspademan

Admin

posts 218

Post edited 6:55 am – December 1, 2010 by wspademan


Proposal for a new article II(E)(8) in the Project Development document:

Together Common Good Bank communities can replace their official currency deposits with mutual credit, up to the amount of their CGB stock, by purchasing stable assets that serve the greater good — this feature to be phased out when all money is created by CGB Communities.

Purpose

This feature expedites evolution toward a society that benefits everyone. CGB Communities will acquire corporations and other means of production and restructure them for sustainability and dedication to the common good. Net profits from these acquired companies will join the bank’s profits in the community fund (and compensate for any shortfall in the bank's profits), to be granted to nonprofits and simultaneously to be used to acquire additional assets (as in E(7) above).

Security

Conventional banks make speculative investments by buying stock in various companies in order to maximize profit. CGB communities will not buy stock except when acquiring a controlling interest in the company (either by buying it outright or, in the case of a publicly traded company, by buying more than half the stock). Having complete control over these companies, in service to the greater good, will make the investments more secure than typical speculative investments in stock.

How

Corporately, CGB communities will give the individual members mutual credit in exchange for their official currency deposits. In effect, this mutual credit is backed by the value of the assets acquired.

Why Limited to the Amount of Stock?

Reducing the official currency deposits results in a lower fractional reserve limit on lending (that is, the bank cannot lend as much). This is not a problem as long as members buy more CGB stock, since stock allows us to create as much money as we need. Replacing one deposit dollar with CGB stock lets us replace a second deposit dollar with mutual credit (and a corresponding asset).

By limiting the replacement of official currency to the value of CGB stock, we ultimately divide the available resources equally: half for lending and half for owning. In effect, we disconnect from the official currency system by replacing our deposits with CGB stock, mutual credit, and means of production. We all become owners.

Example Implications

Suppose that, one year after opening:

  • 50% of the deposits are held as stock
  • CGB maintains exactly a zero trade surplus (a positive surplus helps)
  • money cycles (from loan to expenditure to deposit to loan) once a week, on average
  • CGB has 10,000 depositors each with $5,000 on deposit (on average) and no investments yet

Before replacing official currency with mutual credit, the bank has $50 million on deposit. Together the depositors use their $25 million (chartered) bank balance to buy companies. The bank lends out its remaining $25 million (held by members as stock) locally.

A week later the bank has:

  • $50 million on deposit (still), because the loaned money (and/or an equivalent amount from outside the community) gets redeposited
  • $25 million in local investments
  • $25 million in mutual credit
  • the members together own outright $25 million worth of income-producing assets

Another week later the bank has $76 million on deposit, because of further lending. This increases throughout the quarter. After the end of the quarter, members can again convert their official currency to mutual credit, leaving:

  • $224 million on deposit (stock only, since the official currency got converted)
  • $398 million in local investments
  • $224 million in mutual credit
  • the members together own outright $224 million worth of income-producing assets, which will bring in, at a conservative estimate, at least $22.4 million of income annually — an 45% return on the community's deposits, on top of owning the assets themselves (a 448% one-time return).

These figures look impressive for the quarter, but cannot continue. Depletion of the community's lending capital quickly puts an end both to further lending and to further acquisition of assets.

This limitation can be overcome by lending against mutual credit as well as official currency deposits and stock (governed still by the fractional reserve rules).

 

 

3:38 pm
December 1, 2010


Richard Todd Chinnock

Admin

posts 39

Post edited 3:40 pm – December 1, 2010 by Richard Todd Chinnock


While it thrills me to see such well put together conceptualizations about how to incorporate mutual credit as an official aspect of the Common Good Bank framework I must also vote no to it.

 

My reasons why are that, with the current levels of awareness of financial instruments, we simply do not have a large enough market of groups and individuals who have confidence in these types of concepts.

 

My concern is that the end result will be that many see the project as "scheme-y"

 

In my opinion the only involvement CGB should have towards establishing a mutual credit circle is through vote decided support of not for profits whose goal is to establish mutal credit for their community or group of communities and then making exchange easy once a community or communities have a circle established.

7:23 am
December 1, 2010


wspademan

Admin

posts 218

Post edited 9:21 am – December 1, 2010 by wspademan


After some consideration, I oppose this proposal.

Benefits

The financial benefits of converting insured deposits to mutual credit in order to acquire businesses are about the same as if we lend the same amounts to our nonprofit for those acquisitions. The profits of the businesses come back to Common Good Bank in either case. Conversion to mutual credit (and then lending mutual credit) is unnecessarily complicated.

Social Contract

More importantly, while we are still operating within the current system, members have agreed individually to accept investment risk explicitly only up to a certain amount — the amount of their stock. They have not agreed to put their insured deposits at risk by converting them to mutual credit and using them to buy companies that may or may not succeed.

Leakage

Also, whether we acquire businesses through lending or buying, any money used to buy nonlocal assets does not come back around to the bank, so it cannot be used for additional lending. For this leakage, as well as for acceptance of risk, it is best that we make those moves deliberately, keeping the form of our actions in line with the consequences.

Flexibility

One might argue that conversion to mutual credit and subsequent lending against that mutual credit gives communities greater latitude in lending decisions when facing oppressive regulation. However, we need not follow the standard fractional reserve rules when lending mutual credit. We can, for example, lend $100 against a zero total mutual credit balance (meaning simply that we as a group promise to provide $100 worth of goods and services to the borrower now, with the expectation that the borrower will later repay us an equal value of goods and services).

The standard fractional reserve rules are a sensible default for limiting the amount of mutual credit a community can lend into existence. But we will want  a procedure for waiving that restriction, especially in our transitional period, so that we can hold on to our sovereignty. Specifically, we want to maintain the ability to give ourselves unlimited credit with ourselves, up to what we can and will repay within the current generation (we must not commit the next generation to repay our debts).

For acquisition of incoming-producing assets, limits on lending can be very relaxed. They might be calculated as a negative fractional reserve or a percentage of the community's already "performing" assets.

Limits On Magic

It would be wonderful and magical if we could immediately create an unlimited amount of money debt-free, so that we could quickly buy ALL publicly-traded corporations and restructure them for sustainability and dedication to the common good. But the world outside the Common Good Bank system will quickly stop accepting the money we create unless we back it with a credible promise to back that money with equivalent value — that means we must create all money as debt, by lending it into existence.

This is not a problem. We can create all the money we need by lending it into existence.

9:53 am
November 30, 2010


wspademan

Admin

posts 218

Post edited 10:17 am – November 30, 2010 by wspademan


John G Root Jr said:

… it creates new money debt and interest free

Yes, to the extent that we replace official currency with mutual credit, the new money is debt and interest free. The money that we create through fractional reserve lending (like most of the money created in the example here) may be interest-free (see Interest-Free Loans), but of course it is a debt and must be repaid.

We as a world society must not create an unlimited amount of money debt and interest free. Interest-free yes, fine. But like it or not, the money by its very nature represents an obligation; so when we create money we always and unavoidably create an obligation. I agree that we want money to reflect reality, so when we create it, it is best to reflect the reality of obligation by creating money as debt (see Let's Create Money As Debt!).

we will then add company stock to the mutual credit, Federal deposits and CGB Stock we already have.

Not exactly. Each CGB member has a virtual account consisting of the sum of three parts: a bank balance, a mutual credit balance, and the value of their CGB stock. The acquired companies on the other hand will belong to the members corporately. Each participating community will profit from an acquired company in proportion to how much that community paid. But the profits go to the bank and to the Community Fund, not to the individual members.

There are very good reasons for deeply understanding the principle that money should only ever reflect reality.  It will keep us from making the mistake of treating the money as something valuable in itself.  It will allow us to manage the economy for the common good, it will allow us to keep prices stable and it will eliminate the temptation of something for nothing (interest or usury).

Yes. See, above, my second paragraph in this comment.

Issuing new money to represent the value of something new is entirely legitimate,

No. Money does not represent the value of things, it represents the right to those things and the demand for that right — which should, reasonably, reflect the real-world cost of those things in materials and human costs (such as labor and suffering). Since money represents both what is wanted and what is given up, it should always be created as both credit and debt.

does not require debt,

Suppose that we as a world society create some money to give a grant to a musician to write an oboe concerto. What does the musician do with the money? Presumably the musician uses it to pay for food, transportation, housing, entertainment, etc. That is the real world cost of the composition. That is the real world obligation that is created when we create the money. In order to reflect the reality that the grant obligates society, we should either raise that money first OR pay it back after (that is, create it as debt).

and is what the sovereign does. 

I think we do not want a global sovereign. We want rules that provide for a just and respectful community of communities, with regional or even global collaboration at the discretion of the individual communities. We want a design that never requires universal participation. This is a crucial issue and should be a separate thread (probably in a new forum on "Relations Between CGB Communities"): How will communities keep each other accountable? Economic ostracism?

(I hope you do not mean that individual communities can create money debt-free, since that would enable any one community to exploit the others.)

By the same token the due to human nature surplus from exchange is what generates rising standards of living and so it will be necessary from time to time to grant money to everyone

No. Suppose, for example, that food production suddenly gets 50% more efficient, so half as much time and materials are required to produce all the food we need. The price of food quickly falls by 50%. Do we need to issue more money? No. That would abruptly raise the prices on everything, with no relation to reality.

All prices will fluctuate in relation to each other in any case. Global inflation or deflation is not a problem in the Common Good Bank system. What matters is that we can create money as needed, to fund what needs to be done, so that everyone has enough to eat, a home, and satisfying work.

6:04 pm
November 26, 2010


John G Root Jr

Member

posts 39

Well, it is a start.  If I understand what you are proposing you described the way that mutual credit could be exchanged for Federal money to buy stock in a company via mutual credit.  I am not sure I see that it creates new money debt and interest free, but I may be thick.  I do understand that we will then add company stock to the mutual credit, Federal deposits and CGB Stock we already have.

There are very good reasons for deeply understanding the principle that money should only ever reflect reality.  It will keep us from making the mistake of treating the money as something valuable in itself.  It will allow us to manage the economy for the common good, it will allow us to keep prices stable and it will eliminate the temptation of something for nothing (interest or usury).  Issuing new money to represent the value of something new is entirely legitimate, does not require debt, and is what the sovereign does.  We do not issue money so we have more to spend, unless there is not enough money to represent the level of goods and services available and keep prices stable.  By the same token the due to human nature surplus from exchange is what generates rising standards of living and so it will be necessary from time to time to grant money to everyone, according to some formula we decide on democratically.  Aways with a view to reality.  It is just as criminal that someone be prevented from doing something for which there is a demand because of a lack of money as it is for someone to spend beyond what we have democratically decided is decent because of too much money.

 

The Means Assures the End. Do the Good!

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